Production & Operations

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Production And Operation Management

Introduction

Production and Operation Management is a systematic process of planning and managing. With the help of POM, organisations can achieve their goals. It monitors the process of production that transforms inputs into outputs.

Benefits and challenges of effective Production and Operations Management

The uses of POM involve enhancing efficiency in production and operations. Improved quality helps in obtaining a better market position. The reduced cost helps in customer satisfaction.

Challenges include disruption in the supply chain, labour shortage and change in market demand.

Scope of Production and Operation Management

Production and operation management is comprised of:

Production planning and control
Inventory Management
Quality control
Maintenance Management
Supply chain Management
Operations Research
Process Optimization

Characteristics of Production and Management operations include

Planning and defining production goals.
Organising (allocation of resources, assigning tasks and establishing workflows, Staffing and training.
Directing (Supervising and guiding production activities)
Controlling (Monitoring performance, identifying issues and implementing improvements).

Types of Production System

1. Job Production System

Production of customised, unique products.

2. Batch Production System

Production of products in batches.

3. Mass Production System

Large-scale production of standardised products.

4. Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)

Integrated manufacturing system that produces various products.

5. Just-In-Time (JIT)

Production and delivery of products just in time.

6. Hybrid Production System

Combination of different production systems.

7. Additive Manufacturing (AM) Production system

Production using additive manufacturing technologies.

Types of Operation Management

1. Production Management

Focuses on planning, organising and controlling production processes.

2. Supply Chain Management

Oversees the flow of goods and services from raw material to consumer end.

3. Service Operations Management

Manage service delivery processes, focusing on quality, customer satisfaction, and efficiency.

4. Quality Management

Ensures production quality standards using tools like Six Sigma and Total Quality Management.

5. Inventory Management

Controls Inventory levels, minimising stockouts and overstocking.

Production Management Functions

Supply Chain Management and coordination with distributors and suppliers
Production Planning and determining production levels and schedules.
Inventory Management and managing raw materials, work-in-process, and finished goods.
Quality control and maintain production quality standards.
Maintaining equipment and facilities.

Operation Management Functions

Total Quality Management (TQM): Focus on constant improvement
Just-In-Time (JIT) Production: Produce and deliver just in time
Material Requirements Planning (MRP): Plan Material requirements
Scheduling: Create Production schedules
Capacity Planning: Determine production capacity.

Conclusion

Proper Production and Operation Management is important for business growth. With a clear understanding of key components, types of functions and management, organisations can increase their performance and ability to sustain in the market. Implementing strategies efficiently and incorporating technologies will enhance business performance.

FAQ’s

Q1) What is Production and Management (POM)?

Ans) Production and Operation Management is a process of planning, directing, and controlling the transformation of inputs into outputs.

Q2) What are the Main Objectives of Production and Operation Management?

Ans) The Main objectives of POM are to enable efficiency, effectiveness, quality, flexibility and cost-efficiency in production and management.

Q3) What are the different types of production systems?

Ans) There are various types of production systems, including Job production, batch production, mass production, continuous production, and flexible manufacturing systems.

Q4) What are the different types of inventory?

Ans) There are four types of inventory comprised of raw material, work-in-process, finished goods, and maintenance repair and operating (MRO) supplies.

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